A strong diprotic acid, sulfuric acid is colorless to slightly yellowish in appearance, sometimes cloudy. It is available in many grades or concentrations depending on the intended application. A common laboratory chemical, sulfuric acid is used as a reagent in many chemical reactions.

Known historically as oil of vitriol and colloquially as battery acid, sulfuric acid (sometimes spelled sulphuric) has a variety of industrial uses, including:

• As a component in the manufacture of other common chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid
• In mineral processing and petroleum refining
• In the production of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, gasoline, automobile batteries, cleaning agents, dyes, detergents, fuel additives, and explosives

Sulfuric acid is an extremely dangerous chemical that must be handled with caution. Concentrated sulfuric acid should not be stored indoors in large quantities; it requires a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heating sources, and incompatible substances. Exposure to sulfuric acid can occur via inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and eye contact. Concentrated sulfuric acid has a severe effect on the skin and eyes and can even cause permanent blindness.

Ingestion of the acid can lead to death. Handlers are advised to follow safety precautions while working with sulfuric acid and to wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE).